Uvavanyo lwe-HIV (I+II) lwe-Antibody (imigca emibini)

Uvavanyo lwe-HIV (I+II) lwe-Antibody (imigca emibini)

Uhlobo: Iphepha elingasikwanga

Uphawu: Bio-mapper

Uluhlu:RF0171

Umzekelo:Umchamo

Intsholongwane kaGawulayo, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), yintsholongwane enokuhlasela i-T4 lymphocytes, eyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo kumajoni omzimba womntu.Izilwa-buhlungu ze-HIV (HIV AB) ziqulethwe egazini labantu abosulelwe yi-HIV, nokuba baneempawu okanye abanazo.Ngoko ke, ukufunyaniswa kwe-HIV AB sisalathisi esibalulekileyo sokufunyaniswa kosulelo lwe-HIV.Ukufumanisa ukuba umntu wosulelwe yi-HIV na, indlela eqhelekileyo yokujonga kukuya kumaziko ezempilo ukuze avavanye amajoni egazi e-HIV.Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lwe-HIV Ab luvavanyo lwe-serum antibody.Zininzi iindlela zovavanyo lwe-HIV Ab ekhaya naphesheya, ezinokuthi zohlulwe zibe yi-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, i-agglutination assay kunye ne-immunochromatography ngokwemigaqo yobhaqo eyahlukeneyo.Kumsebenzi osebenzayo, i-enzyme edityaniswe ne-immunosorbent assay, uvavanyo lwe-gelatin agglutination kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuxilonga ngokukhawuleza zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo.

Thumela i-imeyile kuthi

Iinkcukacha zeMveliso

Iithegi zeMveliso

Inkcazo eneenkcukacha

I-Western blot (WB), i-strip immunoassay (LIATEK HIV Ⅲ), i-radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) kunye novavanyo lwe-immunofluorescence (IFA).Indlela yovavanyo yokuqinisekisa exhaphakileyo eTshayina yiWB.

(1) I-Western blot (WB) yindlela yovavanyo esetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekuxilongweni kwezifo ezininzi ezosulelayo.Ngokubhekiselele kuxilongo lwe-etiological ye-HIV, yindlela yokuqala yovavanyo esetyenziswayo ukuqinisekisa izilwa-buhlungu ze-HIV.Iziphumo zokubhaqwa kwe-WB zihlala zisetyenziswa “njengomgangatho wegolide” ukuchonga iingenelo kunye nobubi bezinye iindlela zovavanyo.
Inkqubo yovavanyo lokuqinisekisa:
Kukho i-HIV-1/2 yodidi oluxubileyo kunye nohlobo olulodwa lwe-HIV-1 okanye i-HIV-2.Okokuqala, sebenzisa i-HIV-1/2 i-reagent exutyiweyo ukuvavanya.Ukuba impendulo ayinayo, xela ukuba i-antibody ye-HIV ayinayo;Ukuba unayo, iya kuxela ukuba ine-HIV-1 antibody;Ukuba iinqobo zokugweba azifikelelwanga, kugwetywa ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-HIV aziqinisekanga.Ukuba kukho ibhendi yesalathisi esithile se-HIV-2, kufuneka usebenzise i-HIV-2 immunoblotting reagent ukwenza uvavanyo lwe-HIV 2 antibody kwakhona, olubonisa ukusabela okungalunganga, kwaye uxele ukuba i-antibody ye-HIV 2 ayinayo;Ukuba i-positive, iyakuxela ukuba i-serologically i-antibody ye-HIV-2, kwaye ithumele isampuli kwilabhoratri yesalathiso yesizwe yohlalutyo lokulandelelana kwe-nucleic acid,
Uvakalelo lwe-WB ngokuqhelekileyo alukho ngaphantsi kovavanyo lokuqala lokuhlola, kodwa ukuchaneka kwayo kuphezulu kakhulu.Oku ikakhulu kusekelwe ukwahlula, ukugxininiswa kunye nokuhlanjululwa kwamacandelo ahlukeneyo e-antigen ye-HIV, ekwazi ukubona izilwa-buhlungu ezichasene namacandelo e-antigen ahlukeneyo, ngoko ke indlela ye-WB ingasetyenziselwa ukuchonga ukuchaneka kovavanyo lokuqala lokuhlola.Ingabonwa kwiziphumo ze-WB zokuqinisekisa ukuba nangona ii-reagents ezinomgangatho omhle zikhethwa kuvavanyo lokuqala lokuhlola, njengesizukulwana sesithathu se-ELISA, kuya kusekho ubungqina bobuxoki, kwaye iziphumo ezichanekileyo zinokufumaneka kuphela ngovavanyo lokuqinisekisa.
(2) Uvavanyo lwe-Immunofluorescence (IFA)
Indlela ye-IFA inoqoqosho, ilula kwaye iyakhawuleza, kwaye iye yacetyiswa yi-FDA malunga nokuxilongwa kweesampulu ezingaqinisekanga ze-WB.Nangona kunjalo, iimicroscopes zefluorescent ezibizayo ziyafuneka, amagcisa aqeqeshwe kakuhle ayafuneka, kwaye iziphumo zokuqwalaselwa kunye nokutolika zichatshazelwa ngokulula zizinto ezizimeleyo.Iziphumo akufanele zigcinwe ixesha elide, kwaye i-IFA akufanele iqhutywe kwaye isetyenziswe kwiibhubhoratri eziqhelekileyo.
Ingxelo yeziphumo zovavanyo loqinisekiso lwe-HIV
Iziphumo zovavanyo loqinisekiso lwe-HIV ziya kuxelwa kwiTheyibhile eqhotyoshelweyo 3.
(1) Thobela i-HIV 1 antibody criteria, chaza “HIV 1 antibody positive (+)”, kwaye wenze umsebenzi olungileyo wokubonisana emva kovavanyo, ubumfihlo kunye nengxelo yemeko yobhubhane njengoko kufuneka.Thobela i-HIV 2 antibody yesigwebo, chaza “HIV 2 antibody positive (+)”, kwaye wenze umsebenzi olungileyo wokubonisana emva kovavanyo, ubumfihlo kunye nengxelo yemeko yobhubhane njengoko kufuneka.
(2) Zithobele iindlela zokugweba ezichasene nentsholongwane kagawulayo, kwaye uxele “amajoni e-HIV akanayo (-)”.Kwimeko ekukrokreleka ukuba usulelo lwe-“window period”, uvavanyo olongezelelweyo lwe-HIV nucleic acid luyacetyiswa ukuba kwenziwe uxilongo olucacileyo ngokukhawuleza.
(3) Thobela imilinganiselo yokungaqiniseki kwamajoni omzimba we-HIV, chaza “ukungaqiniseki kwamajoni omzimba we-HIV (±)”, kwaye uqaphele kumanqaku athi “linda ukuvavanywa kwakhona emva kweeveki ezi-4”.